2022年1月浙江卷
C
The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list.New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia(失智症)in later life, and is they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the university of Gothenburg in Sweden, said: "These findings are exciting because it's possible that improving people's cardiovascular(心血管的)fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia.” For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak(最大值的)cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload
was measured at 103 watts.
A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92
women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined
as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood
pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.
These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time,44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.
“However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important.” She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.
27. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. Positive effects of doing exercises.
B. Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.
C. Experimental studies on diseases.
D. Advantages of sporty woman over man
28. Why did the researchers ask the woman to do bicycle exercise?
A. To predict their maximum heart rate.
B. To assess their cardiovascular capacity
C. To change their habits of working out
D. To detect their potential health problems
29. What do we know about Dr.Horder's study?
A. It aimed to find a cure for dementia.
B. Data collection was a lengthy process.
C. Some participants withdrew from it.
D. The results were far from satisfactory.
30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia
B. Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise
C. Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia
D. Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness
答案解析：
27. A根据第一段中的"The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list."可知，这里提到的不断增长的列表是指定期锻炼的好处，而新研究发现的中年女性身体健壮可以降低失智症风险是添加到这个列表上的新好处，故选A。
28. B根据第二段中的"For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity."可知，研究人员让女性进行自行车运动测试是为了测量她们的最大心血管能力，故选B。
29. B根据第四段中的"These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades."可知，这项研究的数据收集过程持续了四十年，对女性进行了六次失智症测试，说明数据收集是一个漫长的过程，故选B。
30. C整篇文章讨论的是一项研究，该研究发现身体健壮的中年女性在晚年患失智症的可能性要低得多，如果她们确实患上了失智症，也比不太爱运动的女性的发病时间晚十年。因此，文章的最佳标题应该是"C. Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia"，因为它概括了文章的主要内容，故选C。
