2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Children’s Discovery Museum
General information about Group Play
Pricing
Group Play $7/person
Scholarships
We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required.Scholarships are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation. transportation invoices (发票) must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship.
Group Size
We require one chaperone (监护人) per ten children. failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.
Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with a limit of 35 people. For groups of 35 or more, please call to discuss options.
Hours
The Museum is open daily from 9:30 am to 4:30 pm.
Group Play may be scheduled during any day or time the Museum is open.
Registration Policy
Registration must be made at least two weeks in advance.Register online or fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple date and start time options.Once the registration form is received and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days.
Guidelines
●Teachers and chaperones should model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times.●Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum.●Children should play nicely with each other and exhibits.●Use your indoor voice when at the Museum.
21. What does a group need to do if they are offered a scholarship?
A. Prepay the admission fees.B. Use the Museum’s transportation.
C. Take a survey after the visit.D. schedule their visit on weekdays.
22. How many chaperones are needed for a group of 30 children to visit the Museum?
A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.
23. What are children prohibited from doing at the Museum?
A. Using the computer.B. Talking with each other.
C. Touching the exhibits.D. Exploring the place alone.
答案及解析：
21.C. Take a survey after the visit.
在Scholarships部分中提到，获得奖学金需要参与访问后的调查，因此如果团体获得奖学金，他们需要做的是在参观后进行调查，选项C符合题意。
22.C. Three.
根据Group Size部分的信息，每十个孩子需要一个监护人，如果一个有30个孩子的团体去参观博物馆，就需要三个监护人。因此，正确答案是C。
23.D. Exploring the place alone.
在Guidelines部分中提到，孩子们不允许在博物馆的所有区域单独行动，即禁止独自探索这个地方，因此选项D正确。
B
We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.
Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.
Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.
Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.
24. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me.
C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me.
25. Why did the kid poke the storybook?
A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures.
C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself.
26. What does the author think of himself?
A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive.
C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent.
27. What can we learn about the author as a journalist?
A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television.
C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars.
答案解析：
24. "hit home for me"这个短语在这里的意思是作者意识到了一些事情的重要性或真实性。根据上下文，作者通过和孙子一起读书的经历意识到了新时代讲故事的方式对年轻人来说是多么自然。因此，"hit home for me"意味着这个事实变得非常清晰对作者来说。所以选B。
25. 根据第四段中的描述，孙子戳书页是因为他认为书和他在平板电脑上看到的互动图片一样。作者提到孙子经常用平板电脑看彩色图片，并且图片会在戳的时候动起来。因此，孙子戳书页是因为他把故事书误认为是可以互动的平板电脑。所以选A。
26. 在倒数第二段中，作者提到自己虽然年纪大了，但在数字技术方面并不落后，他会编辑视频、制作音频、使用移动支付，甚至建立网站。这些都表明作者认为自己数字技术上是有能力的。所以选D。
27. 在最后一段中，作者提到自己很少在镜头前，因为他的脸适合广播，这暗示了他很少上电视。然后提到中国日报请他参与一个视频项目，这进一步说明他很少出现在电视上。所以选B。
C
Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.
That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted(分心)driving was "only increasing, unfortunately."
"Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.
An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.
"We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone."
28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US?
A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary.
C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair.
29. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out?
A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone.
C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene.
30 What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws.
31. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start
B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer
C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers.
D. The Next generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer-
答案解析：
28. 文章第一段提到大多数州禁止司机发短信，但第二段指出问题似乎在恶化，道路事故在增加。这表明禁止司机发短信的措施并没有取得预期的效果，因此可以推断这个禁令是无效的。所以选A。
29. 根据第五段中的描述，Textalyzer这个设备可以检查司机的手机操作系统中的最近活动，以确定司机是否违反了纽约的免提驾驶法。因此，Textalyzer可以帮助警察发现司机是否使用了手机。所以选B。
30. 在最后一段中，"something on the books"指的是法律条文中的规定。Félix W. Ortiz提到需要有能够改变人们行为的东西，结合上下文，这里指的是法律。所以选D。
31. 文章主要讨论了美国司机在驾驶时分心使用手机的问题，以及纽约州提出的Textalyzer法案，这个法案旨在通过检查司机是否在驾驶时使用手机来减少分心驾驶。因此，"Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer"是一个合适的标题，它概括了文章的主要内容。所以选B。
D
As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner.
"Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken," says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the university of Texas. That's what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.
Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic(无氧)exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.
"We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts," says Levine. "And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump(泵送)a lot more blood during exercise." But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says.
"The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility," Levine says. "We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all."
Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.
32. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?
A. The right way of exercising. B. The causes of a heart attack.
C. The difficulty of keeping fit. D. The aging process of the heart.
33. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?
A. Diet plan. B. professional background.
C. Exercise type. D. previous physical condition.
34. What does Levine's research find?
A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.
B. High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.
C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.
D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.
35. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?
A. Making use of the findings. B. Interviewing the study participants.
C. Conducting further research. D. Clarifying the purpose of the study.
答案解析：
32. 在第二段中，Dr. Ben Levine用橡皮筋的比喻来解释心脏随着年龄增长而发生变化的过程。他说，一开始橡皮筋是有弹性的，但放在抽屉里20年后就会变干易断，这就是心脏发生的变化。因此，他提到橡皮筋是为了解释心脏的老化过程。所以选D。
33. 根据第四段中的描述，研究团队将志愿者随机分为两组，第一组进行非有氧运动，第二组进行高强度有氧运动。这是研究设计中两个组别之间的区别。所以选C。
34. 根据第五段中的描述，第二组(进行高强度有氧运动)在两年后心脏健康有了显著改善，Levine说这些50岁人的心脏变得像30或35岁人的心脏。这表明有氧运动可以使中年人的心脏变得更年轻。所以选A。
35. 在最后一段中，Dr. Nieca Goldberg提到Levine的研究是一个很好的开始，但研究样本较小，需要用更大的人群重复研究，以确定运动常规的哪些方面对心脏健康的影响最大。这表明她建议进行进一步的研究。所以选C。
