2023年北京卷
第二节(共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. ____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
答案解析：
35. 此空后的内容提到“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings”，其意思是“当我以高等教育学者的身份与家庭交谈时，他们经常对教学质量不被纳入排名而感到惊讶”，此句与选项D中的“the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching”形成对应，都是在说排名没有考虑教学质量这一关键因素，所以选项D“然而，排名忽视了一个关键因素：教学质量”适合填在此空。
36. 此空前的句子提到“they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings”，其意思是“他们经常对教学质量不被纳入排名而感到惊讶”，而此空后的内容提到“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities”，其意思是“新兴研究表明，低排名大学的课程在教学质量上的平均分高于高排名大学的课程”，这说明大学低估了教学质量，结合选项，选项F“他们甚至对大学如何低估教学感到更加惊讶”能够承接前文并引出后文，所以选项F适合填在此空。
37. 此空后的内容提到“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success”，其意思是“考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有教学质量优秀是令人惊讶的”，此句中的“the absence of teaching excellence from the rankings”与选项G中的“universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors”形成对应，都是在说大学没有重视教学质量，而是把重点转移到了其他排名因素上，所以选项G“事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上”适合填在此空。
38. 此空前的内容提到“Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding”，其意思是“管理者通常不把教学优秀视为增加注册人数或资金的方式”，结合选项，选项B“因此，它在招聘或晋升中并不被高度重视”中的“it”指的是“teaching excellence”，其能够承接前文，说明大学不重视教学质量的原因，所以选项B适合填在此空。
39. 此空后的内容提到“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments”，其意思是“然而，在高度重视教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和注册人数增加之前，情况不会有太大改变”，此句中的“Not much will change”说明大学层面提高教学的努力还没有太多改变，结合选项，选项E“大学层面提高教学的努力最近已经出现”能够引出后文，所以选项E适合填在此空。
